First off Air-Fuel-Ratios
What does Air/Fuel Ratio (AFR) mean?
AFR is the mass ratio of air to fuel in an internal combustion engine. The AFR is an important measure for performance-tuning reasons. If exactly enough air is provided to completely burn all of the fuel, the ratio is known as the stoichiometric mixture which is defined as an 14.6 AFR ratio. The lower the AFR the richer the mixture. The higher the AFR the leaner the mixture.
- 6 AFR - Rich Burn Limit (engine fully warm)
- 9 AFR - Black Smoke | Low Power
- 11.5 AFR - Best Rich Torque at Wide Open Throttle (WOT)
- 12.2 AFR - Safe Best Power at Wide Open Throttle (WOT)
- 13.3 AFR - Lean Best Torque
- 14.6 AFR - Stoichimometirc Air/Fuel Ratio Value (Stoich)
- 15.5 AFR - Lean Cruise
- 16.5 AFR - Usual Best Economy
- 18 AFR - Carbureted Lean Burn Limit
- 22+ AFR - EEC / EFI Lean Burn Limit
Recommended AFR Values for Naturally Aspirated 4 Stroke Engines
IDLE / LIGHT CRUISE: 13.5 AFR
When you start your vehicle we refer to this as being in IDLE condition. When you shift into gear and drive at a low mph we refer to this as being a LIGHT CRUISE driving condition. With 14.6 being the industry standard stoich AFR value, we typically like to see these conditions run slightly richer. We are looking to fine tune an engine to get the smoothest operation.
CRUISING: 14 AFR
Most of the time you are driving your vehicle you will be within the state of CRUISING. This condition is the most wide open for customer preference based on two factors. If you prefer better GAS MILEAGE then run a leaner mixture. Most stock to slightly modified engines will run just fine at an AFR of 15 and yield better MPG. If you prefer better PERFORMANCE then we suggest to run an AFR of 14 or even richer to around 13.
WIDE OPEN THROTTLE: 12.5 AFR
Driving full out within a gear will bring you into a WIDE OPEN THROTTLE driving condition. This condition is where the peak horsepower value is obtained. We typcially like to run a richer AFR here to get the best performance. Best performance for most vehicles is in the 12.5 to 13 AFR range. Going too rich will have the opposite affect and decrease your performance.
ACCELERATION: 12 AFR
Getting up to cruising speed or getting ready to pass someone, you usually are looking for the performance to get up and go. We refer to any fast turn of the throttle as being in an ACCELERATION driving condition. Again, we typcially like to run a richer AFR here to get the best performance. Best performance for most vehicles is around 12 AFR. Going too rich will cause a sluggish roll-on to get up to speed.
Secondly: 4A-GE Power Figures.
BigPort:
68kw atw / 86kw atfly
94bHP atw / 116bHP atfly
Smallport:
73kw atw / 92kw atfly
101bHP / 123bHP atfly
1st Gen 4AG-ZE:
86kw atw / 107kw atfly
119bHP atw / 143bHP atfly
2nd Gen 4AG-ZE:
99kw atw / 121kw atfly
136bHP atw / 162kw atfly
Silvertop:96kw atw / 118kw atfly
132bHP atw / 158bHP atfly
Blacktop:
99kw atw / 121kw atfly
136bHP atw / 162bHP atfly
Thirdly: Toyota Injector Info
Fuel Injector Flow Rates- Quick guide to
Common Injectors listed by flow rate, from lowest to highest:
Manufacturer | Part Number | cc per minute | Colour | Ohms | lbs per hour | Est. hp | Test Press kPa | Engine
Nippon Denso 145 light green 2.4 14.2 29.0 255 Toyota 4KE
Nippon Denso 145 green 2.4 14.2 29.0 255 Toyota 1GE
Nippon Denso 155 red/dark blue 13.8 15.2 31.0 290 Toyota 3EE
Nippon Denso 155 violet 13.8 15.2 31.0 290 Toyota 3EE, 2EE
Nippon Denso 155 sky-blue 13.8 15.2 31.0 290 Toyota 1GFE
Nippon Denso 155 violet 13.8 15.2 31.0 290 Toyota 4AFE
Nippon Denso 176 light green 13.8 17.3 35.2 290 Toyota 4AFE
Nippon Denso 176 grey 13.8 17.3 35.2 290 Toyota 4AFE
Nippon Denso 182 dark grey 2.0 17.8 36.4 255 Toyota 4AGE
Nippon Denso 182 grey 2.4 17.8 36.4 255 Toyota 4ME,5ME, 5MGE
Nippon Denso 190 dark blue 13.8 19.6 40.0 290 Toyota 4SFE AUS EGR
Nippon Denso 200 dark grey 1.7 19.6 40.0 290 Toyota 3SFE?
Nippon Denso 200 beige 1.7 19.6 40.0 290 Toyota 4YE
Nippon Denso 200 orange 1.7 19.6 40.0 290 Toyota 22RE
Nippon Denso 200 brown 1.7 19.6 40.0 290 Toyota 3VZE
Nippon Denso 200 pink 2.7 19.6 40.0 290 Toyota 4AGE
Nippon Denso 200 orange/blue 13.8 19.6 40.0 290 Toyota 22RE
Nippon Denso 200 brown 13.8 19.6 40.0 290 Toyota 3VZFE
Nippon Denso 200 red 13.8 19.6 40.0 290 Toyota 2VZFE
Nippon Denso 210 blue 2.4 20.6 42.0 255 Toyota 4AGE
Nippon Denso 210 yellow 13.8 20.9 42.6 290 Toyota 5SFE JDM
Nippon Denso 213 beige 13.8 20.9 42.6 290 Toyota 4AGE
Nippon Denso 220cc Green 23250 74100 Toyota 3SFE JDM gen3
Nippon Denso 240 sky blue 13.8 20.9 42.6 290 Toyota 3SFE JDM
Nippon Denso 246 brown 13.8 24.5 50.0 255 Toyota 3SGE gen1 JDM
Nippon Denso 250 yellow/orange 1.7 24.5 50.0 255 Toyota 22RTE
Nippon Denso 250 green 13.8 24.5 50.0 290 Toyota 4AGE
Nippon Denso 250 violet 13.8 24.5 50.0 290 Toyota 4AGE
Nippon Denso 251 violet 13.8 24.5 50.2 290 Toyota 1UZFE
Nippon Denso 282 light green 13.8 27.6 56.4 290 Toyota 2RZE
Nippon Denso 282 violet 13.8 27.6 56.4 290 Toyota 2TZFE
Nippon Denso 295 yellow 2.7 28.9 59.0 255 Toyota 7MGE
Nippon Denso 295 green 13.8 28.9 59.0 255 Toyota 3SGE gen1 EGR
Nippon Denso 304 green 1.6 28.9 59.0 255 Toyota 22RTE
Nippon Denso 315 pink 13.8 30.9 63.0 290 Toyota 3SGE gen2 JDM
Nippon Denso 315 light green 13.8 30.9 63.0 290 Toyota 7MGE
Nippon Denso 365 red/orange 2.9 33.9 73.0 255 Toyota 4AGZE
Nippon Denso 377 light green 13.8 Toyota 3SGE Gen3 JDM
Nippon Denso 440 black 2.9 42.2 86.0 255 Toyota 7MGTE, 3SGTE gen1/2
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